What is the Demographic Transition Model used to describe?

The Demographic Transition Model (DTM) is specifically designed to illustrate changes in birth and death rates over time as a country progresses through different stages of economic and social development. This model typically comprises five stages that reflect how a society transitions from high birth and death rates to low birth and death rates.

In the early stages, both birth rates and death rates are high, leading to a stable population size. As a country begins to industrialize and improve healthcare and sanitation, death rates fall while birth rates remain high, resulting in population growth. Eventually, as economic conditions improve further, birth rates also decline, which stabilizes the population. This model helps in understanding the dynamics of population growth and is essential for planning resources, healthcare, and infrastructure in response to these demographic changes.

The other options concern different aspects of geography and social sciences. Changes in a country's climate relate to environmental studies, shifts in population density focus on the distribution of people across regions, and fluctuations in economic growth pertain to economic theory, none of which align with the primary purpose of the DTM.